Violence Against Women in Politics and the Instruments to Fight
Abstract
Violence against women in politics attracts more and more attention from political actors and the scientific community. Along with the increase in the number of politically active women around the world, the frequency of violence against women in politics and the extent of its manifestation has increased. Although the representation of women at the decision-making levels, especially at the legislative level, has increased dramatically in recent years, at the same time, the cases of violence against women in politics have increased. As a rule, women have to pay a much higher price for political participation than male politicians.Violence against women in politics is a result of incomplete democratic consolidation. Some researchers consider violence against women to be a kind of category which is related to weak state capacity and criminal justice systems. This phenomenon emphasizes not only the existence of violence against women in the country but also points to the shortcomings of the existing legislation and the syndrome of impunity in the country, to solve which the activation of both state and non-state actors and policy changes are essential.Today, violence against women in politics is common all over the world, although this problem is pervasive in developing countries. Violence against women in politics is a form of gender-based violence against women (GBVAW). VAWP is any act or threat of physical, sexual, or psychological violence that prevents women from exercising and realizing their political rights and a range of human rights, which poses a severe challenge to democracy, human rights, and gender equality (UN Women, 2021).The concept of violence against women in politics requires constant attention and study from researchers and scientists to give men and women equal opportunities to participate in politics without any fear or violence.References
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3. Crime, Safety and Victim’s Rights, European Union Agency for Fundamnetal Rights, available at: https://fra.europa.eu/sites/default/files/fra_uploads/fra-2021-crime-safety-victims-rights_en.pdf, (Accessed 10.10.2023).
4. Cerva Cerna, D. 2014. Political Participation and Gender Violence in Mexico. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Polít. Soc, vol.59, n.222, pp.117-140.
Cooper, Yvette (2015). “Online Sexism is So Out of Control that We Can
No Longer Ignore It”, available at: http://www.theguardian.com/com-
Innisfree/2015/Dec/16/online-sexism-social-media-debate-abuse [Ac-
cessed on: December 16, 2015
Cooper, Yvette (2015), “Online Sexism is So Out of Control that We Can
No Longer Ignore It”, available at: http://www.theguardian.com/com-
Innisfree/2015/Dec/16/online-sexism-social-media-debate-abuse [Ac-
cessed on: December 16, 2015
Cooper, Yvette (2015), “Online Sexism is So Out of Control that We Can
No Longer Ignore It”, available at: http://www.theguardian.com/com-
Innisfree/2015/Dec/16/online-sexism-social-media-debate-abuse [Ac-
cessed on December 16, 25. 555. Cooper, Y. (2015), Online Sexism is So Out of Control that We Can No Longer Ignore It, available at: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/dec/16/online-sexism-social-media-debate-abuse, (Accessed on: Sept 19, 2022)
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10. Harrison, Brian (1978), Separate Spheres: The Opposition to Women’s Suffrage in Britain, New York, Routledge.11
11. Hudson V, Caprioli M, Ballif-Spanvill B, et al. (2009) The Heart of the Matter: The Security of Women and the Security of States. International Security 33 (3): 7–45.12.
12. Human Rights Watch (2004), Obstacles to Women’s Participation in the Presidential Election, available at: https://www.hrw.org/legacy/backgrounder/asia/afghanistan1004/4.htm. (Accessed: 29. March. 2022).13.
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14. Inter-Parliamentary Union (2015), IPU Committee on the Human Rights of Parliamentarians: Overview, available at: http://archive.ipu.org/hr-e/committee.htm (Accessed: 17.Sept.2022).
15. Introduction to Violence against Women in Politics, Organization of Security and Co-operation in Europe. available at https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/f/7/534603.pdf, (Accessed: 07.Aug.2023).
16. IPU Committee on the Human Rights of Parliamentarians: Overview (2017). available at: http://www.ipu.org/hr-e/committee.htm (Accessed: 03. Sept.2021);
17. Krook, Mona L.& Sanin Juliana R. (2016). Gender and political violence in Latin America. Concepts, debates and solutions. Polít. gob [online]. 2016, vol.23, n.1, pp.127-162. ISSN 1665-2037.
18. Krook, M.L. 2020. Violence Against Women in Politics. New York; Oxford University Press.
19. Shaheed Benazir Bhutto: A Champion of Women’s Rights, Tribune. June 22, 2021, available at: https://tribune.com.pk/story/2306594/shaheed-benazir-bhutto-a-champion-of-womens-rights, (accessed: 02 July. 2022).
20. NDI. (2015). NDI Launces Global Campaign to Address Violence against Women in Elections, available at: https://www.ndi.org/violence_against_women_elections (Accessed 30 July 2018).
21. #NotTheCost: Stopping Violence against Women in Politics”, available at: https://www.ndi.org/not-the-cost (Accessed 11 Fev, 2017).
22. Piscopo, Jennifer M. (2015). States as Gender Equality Activists: The Evolution of Quota Laws in Latin America”, Latin American Politics and Society, 57(3), pp. 27-49.
23. Shepherd, T. (2014). More Women Turning off Politics after Julia Gillard was Badly Treated. available at: http://www.adelaidenow.com.au/ news/south-australia/more-women-turning-off-politics-after-julia-gillard- was-badly-treated/story-fni6uo1m-1226801892247 (Accessed Oct.15.2023).
24. The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Descrimination Agains Women (CEDAW). (1979). available at https://matsne.gov.ge/ka/document/view/2339687?publication=3 (Accessed: 23.Sept.2022).
25. Universal Declaration Of Human Rights. available at: https://www.supremecourt.ge/files/upload-file/pdf/aqtebi3.pdf, (Accessed:11.Oct.2023).
Published
2023-11-23
How to Cite
DARBAIDZE, Eka.
Violence Against Women in Politics and the Instruments to Fight.
Eastern Europe Regional Studies, [S.l.], nov. 2023.
ISSN 2587-456X.
Available at: <https://test.psage.tsu.ge/index.php/Easternstudies/article/view/351>. Date accessed: 25 dec. 2024.
Issue
Section
Articles
Keywords
Violence against women, Gender violence, Gender equality.
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