Mass Demonstrations and State Violence in Georgia: Analysis of November 7, 2007, May 26, 2012 and June 20, 2019.
Abstract
The article examines mass demonstrations and state violence in Georgia, in particular the analysis of the events of November 7, 2007; May 26, 2011; June 20, 2019. The topic of mass demonstrations is very relevant not only inGeorgia, but also in the world, therefore academic literature has been interested in this issue for a long time. The study draws attention to the types of mass demosntrations and the nature of violence displayed by the state. Accordingly, within the framework of the research, the three largest mass demonstrations in the recent history ofGeorgiawere taken. Based on the existing reports or documents and conducted interwiews, the purpose of the research is to understand what were the forms of public protest during the mass demosntrations of November 7, 2007; May 26, 2012; June 20, 2019 and what were the charasteristics of the state’s violence in the process of breaking up the actions.References
ად¬ამ¬ი¬ან¬ის უფ¬ლე¬ბა¬თა ევ¬რო¬პუ¬ლი კონ¬ვენ¬ცია „European Court of Human Rights”.(1950) https://www.echr.coe.int/documents/convention_kat.pdf
ად¬ამ¬ი¬ან¬ის უფ¬ლე¬ბა¬თა ცენ¬ტრი „სა¬ქარ¬თვე¬ლო¬ში მშვი¬დო¬ბი¬ა¬ნი შეკ¬რე¬ბის თა¬ვი¬სუფ¬ლე¬ბის მო¬ნი¬ტო¬რინ¬გი“.(2012) http://humanrights.ge/admin/editor/uploads/pdf/Georgian.pdf
გა¬ერ¬ოს სა¬პარ¬ლა¬მენ¬ტო ან¬სამ¬ბლე¬ის ან¬გა¬რი¬ში „Guidelines on Freedom of Peaceful Assembly“. (2010) https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/4/0/73405.pdf
გზამ¬კვლე¬ვი „შეკ¬რე¬ბე¬ბი¬სა და მა¬ნი¬ფეს¬ტა¬ცი¬ებ¬ის თა¬ვი¬სუფ¬ლე-ბა“.(2018). https://gdi.ge/uploads/other/0/672.pdf
სა¬ქარ¬თვე¬ლოს ახ¬ალ¬გაზრ¬და იურ¬ის¬ტთა ას¬ოც¬ი¬აც¬ი¬ის „ან¬გა¬რი¬ში 26 მა¬ი¬სი“. (2011). https://gyla.ge/files/news/gamocemebi2012-2013/2011წელი/26%20მაისი%20-%20ანგარიში.pdf
საქართველოს კანონი „შეკრებებისა და მანიფესტაციების შესახებ“. (1997). (https://matsne.gov.ge/ka/document/view/31678?publication=10)
სოციალური სამართლიანობის ცენტრი „21 ივნისის მოვლენები: აქციის დაშლა და ადამიანის უფლებების დარღვევის ძირითადი პრაქტიკა“. (2019).
https://socialjustice.org.ge/uploads/products/pdf/20-ივნისი_შეფასება_1562244246.pdf
Baev, P. K. (2018). Civil wars in Georgia: Corruption breeds violence. In Potentials of disorder (pp. 127-144). Manchester University Press.
Gerardo L. Munck, “Democratic Theory after Transitions from Authoritarian Rule,” Perspectives on Politics Vol. 9, Nº 2 (2011): 333–43
Guillermo O’Donnell and Philippe C. Schmitter, Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986
Gurr, Ted Robert, 1969 “Why Men Rebel”. Princeton: Princeton University Press
Gusfield, J (1966) “Functional Areas of Leadership in Social Movements”, pp23
Gustafson, D (2019) “Hunger to Violence: Expleining the Violent Escalation of Nonviolent Demonstrations”
Dundua, S., Amashukeli, T., & Tabatadze, S. (2022). What Makes Social Movements Successful: The Case of Gudiashvili Square. Europe-Asia Studies, 1-20.
Henderson, C. (1991). Conditions affecting the use of political repression. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 35, 120–142.
Human Right Watch „Georgia’s Violent Dispersal of Protestors and Raid on Imedi Televison”. (2007). (https://www.hrw.org/report/2007/12/19/crossing-line/georgias-violent-dispersal-protestors-and-raid-imedi-television)
Jacqueline H.R demerit, 2016 “The Strategic of State Repression and Political Violence
James C Davies, “Toward a Theory of Revolution”, American Sociological Review, vol 27, February 1962, pp 5-19.
Johnson, Chalmers, 1966 “Revolutionary change”. Boston: Little, Brown
Johnston H, 2012 “State Violence and Oppositional Protest in High-Capacity Authoritarian Regimes”, pp. 55-74
Kriesi, Koopmans, 1995 “New Social Movements in Western Europe.
Kaprovich, O. G. & Sharikov, O. I (2021). Russia and Georgia: Time to Interact. Post-Soviet Issues, 8(1), 20-32.
M.C. against the Federal Republic of Germany, application #13079/87, decision of 6 March 1989
Opp, Karl-Dieter, and Wolfgang Roehl. 1990. Repression, Micromobilization, and Political Protest. Social Forces 69:521–47
PACE, Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights, Urgent need to prevent human rights violations during peaceful protests, Doc. 14060, 10 May 2016, §§ 70-71, ხელმისაწვდომია: https://bit.ly/2xoSWEf, ბოლო ნახვა: 02.07.19.
Parliamentary Assembly “Urgent need to prevent human rights violations during peaceful protests https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/1351663/1226_1463488201_document-1.pdf
Samuel P Huntington, Political Order in Changing Societies, New Haven 1968, pp 33-50.
Singh, G. (1976) “Psychology of Political Violence, pp 3-13
Tabatadze, S. (2019). Far right political stances: the same trend in Georgia?. Review of Nationalities, (9).
Tchantouridzé, L. (2008). On the results of the special presidential elections in Georgia. Central Asia and the Caucasus, (1), 7-15.
Tilly, C. (1978). From mobilization to revolution. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
ად¬ამ¬ი¬ან¬ის უფ¬ლე¬ბა¬თა ცენ¬ტრი „სა¬ქარ¬თვე¬ლო¬ში მშვი¬დო¬ბი¬ა¬ნი შეკ¬რე¬ბის თა¬ვი¬სუფ¬ლე¬ბის მო¬ნი¬ტო¬რინ¬გი“.(2012) http://humanrights.ge/admin/editor/uploads/pdf/Georgian.pdf
გა¬ერ¬ოს სა¬პარ¬ლა¬მენ¬ტო ან¬სამ¬ბლე¬ის ან¬გა¬რი¬ში „Guidelines on Freedom of Peaceful Assembly“. (2010) https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/4/0/73405.pdf
გზამ¬კვლე¬ვი „შეკ¬რე¬ბე¬ბი¬სა და მა¬ნი¬ფეს¬ტა¬ცი¬ებ¬ის თა¬ვი¬სუფ¬ლე-ბა“.(2018). https://gdi.ge/uploads/other/0/672.pdf
სა¬ქარ¬თვე¬ლოს ახ¬ალ¬გაზრ¬და იურ¬ის¬ტთა ას¬ოც¬ი¬აც¬ი¬ის „ან¬გა¬რი¬ში 26 მა¬ი¬სი“. (2011). https://gyla.ge/files/news/gamocemebi2012-2013/2011წელი/26%20მაისი%20-%20ანგარიში.pdf
საქართველოს კანონი „შეკრებებისა და მანიფესტაციების შესახებ“. (1997). (https://matsne.gov.ge/ka/document/view/31678?publication=10)
სოციალური სამართლიანობის ცენტრი „21 ივნისის მოვლენები: აქციის დაშლა და ადამიანის უფლებების დარღვევის ძირითადი პრაქტიკა“. (2019).
https://socialjustice.org.ge/uploads/products/pdf/20-ივნისი_შეფასება_1562244246.pdf
Baev, P. K. (2018). Civil wars in Georgia: Corruption breeds violence. In Potentials of disorder (pp. 127-144). Manchester University Press.
Gerardo L. Munck, “Democratic Theory after Transitions from Authoritarian Rule,” Perspectives on Politics Vol. 9, Nº 2 (2011): 333–43
Guillermo O’Donnell and Philippe C. Schmitter, Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986
Gurr, Ted Robert, 1969 “Why Men Rebel”. Princeton: Princeton University Press
Gusfield, J (1966) “Functional Areas of Leadership in Social Movements”, pp23
Gustafson, D (2019) “Hunger to Violence: Expleining the Violent Escalation of Nonviolent Demonstrations”
Dundua, S., Amashukeli, T., & Tabatadze, S. (2022). What Makes Social Movements Successful: The Case of Gudiashvili Square. Europe-Asia Studies, 1-20.
Henderson, C. (1991). Conditions affecting the use of political repression. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 35, 120–142.
Human Right Watch „Georgia’s Violent Dispersal of Protestors and Raid on Imedi Televison”. (2007). (https://www.hrw.org/report/2007/12/19/crossing-line/georgias-violent-dispersal-protestors-and-raid-imedi-television)
Jacqueline H.R demerit, 2016 “The Strategic of State Repression and Political Violence
James C Davies, “Toward a Theory of Revolution”, American Sociological Review, vol 27, February 1962, pp 5-19.
Johnson, Chalmers, 1966 “Revolutionary change”. Boston: Little, Brown
Johnston H, 2012 “State Violence and Oppositional Protest in High-Capacity Authoritarian Regimes”, pp. 55-74
Kriesi, Koopmans, 1995 “New Social Movements in Western Europe.
Kaprovich, O. G. & Sharikov, O. I (2021). Russia and Georgia: Time to Interact. Post-Soviet Issues, 8(1), 20-32.
M.C. against the Federal Republic of Germany, application #13079/87, decision of 6 March 1989
Opp, Karl-Dieter, and Wolfgang Roehl. 1990. Repression, Micromobilization, and Political Protest. Social Forces 69:521–47
PACE, Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights, Urgent need to prevent human rights violations during peaceful protests, Doc. 14060, 10 May 2016, §§ 70-71, ხელმისაწვდომია: https://bit.ly/2xoSWEf, ბოლო ნახვა: 02.07.19.
Parliamentary Assembly “Urgent need to prevent human rights violations during peaceful protests https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/1351663/1226_1463488201_document-1.pdf
Samuel P Huntington, Political Order in Changing Societies, New Haven 1968, pp 33-50.
Singh, G. (1976) “Psychology of Political Violence, pp 3-13
Tabatadze, S. (2019). Far right political stances: the same trend in Georgia?. Review of Nationalities, (9).
Tchantouridzé, L. (2008). On the results of the special presidential elections in Georgia. Central Asia and the Caucasus, (1), 7-15.
Tilly, C. (1978). From mobilization to revolution. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Published
2023-11-26
How to Cite
KUPATADZE, Ketevan.
Mass Demonstrations and State Violence in Georgia: Analysis of November 7, 2007, May 26, 2012 and June 20, 2019..
Politics / პოლიტიკა, [S.l.], nov. 2023.
ISSN 2449-2833.
Available at: <https://test.psage.tsu.ge/index.php/Politics/article/view/356>. Date accessed: 11 nov. 2024.
Issue
Section
სტატიები
Keywords
Mass Demontrations, State Violence, Types of Protest.
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